Abstract
Sensor technologies have been actively employed in structural health monitoring (SHM) to evaluate structural safety. To provide stable and real-time monitoring, a practical wireless sensor network system (WSNS) based on vibrating wire strain gauges (VWSGs) is proposed and applied to a building under construction. In this WSNS, the data measured from each VWSG are transmitted to the sensor node via a signal line and then transmitted to the master node through a short-range wireless communication module (operating on the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). The master node also employs a long-range wireless communication module (Code Division Multiple Access—CDMA) to transmit the received data from the sensor node to a server located in a remote area, which enables a manager to examine the measured data in real time without any time or location restrictions. In this study, a total of 48 VWSGs, 14 sensor nodes, and seven master nodes were implemented to measure long-term strain variations of mega-trusses in an irregular large-scale building under construction. Based on strain data collected over a 16-month period, a quantitative evaluation of the construction process was performed to determine the aspects that exhibit the greatest influence on member behavior and to conduct a comparison with numerical simulation results. The effect of temperature stress on the structural elements was also analyzed. From these observations, the feasibility of a long-term WSNS based on VWSGs to evaluate the structural safety of an irregular building under construction was confirmed.
Highlights
Visual inspection has traditionally played a critical role in quality management of the construction process and damage detection in structures subjected to various loadings [1,2]
A wireless sensor network system (WSNS) based on vibrating wire strain gauges (VWSGs) consists of two nodes: the sensor node, which processes and transmits the raw data obtained from the VWSGs to the other network equipment, and the master node, which receives all data from the sensor node and transmits the data to the monitoring server
This research developed a long-term (16-month) real-time WSNS using VWSGs, which were applied to an irregular building under construction
Summary
Visual inspection has traditionally played a critical role in quality management of the construction process and damage detection in structures subjected to various loadings [1,2]. The high installation cost of the cable that connects the sensor to the server and maintenance and management challenges remain unresolved issues For these reasons, Straser [7] attempted to solve the problems of existing wire-based monitoring systems by proving the effectiveness of the wireless sensor network (WSN) in an actual building. Despite the outstanding potential of FOSs in health monitoring applications [27], FOSs are extremely fragile, which contributes to a high rate of installation failure in real structures Both the measurement system and sensors are relatively expensive compared with VWSGs. Other advantages of VWSGs include the ease and low cost of installation and the use of a smaller amount of data logger bandwidth due to the simple measurement principle of VWSGs. Other advantages of VWSGs include the ease and low cost of installation and the use of a smaller amount of data logger bandwidth due to the simple measurement principle of VWSGs They are appropriate for long-term monitoring because vibrating wires exhibit minimal deterioration over time. VWSGs, to evaluate the structural safety of an irregular building under construction was investigated
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