Abstract
The novel non-leachable poly (quaternary ammonium salt) (PQAS)-containing antibacterial glass- ionomer cement has been developed. Compressive strength (CS) and S. mutans viability were used as tools for strength and antibacterial activity evaluations, respectively. All the specimens were conditioned in distilled water at 37?C prior to testing. Commercial glass-ionomer cement Fuji II LC was used as control. With PQAS addition, the studied cements showed a reduction in CS with 25-95% for Fuji II LC and 13-78% for the experimental cement and a reduction in S. mutans viability with 40-79% for Fuji II LC and 40-91% for the experimental cement. The experimental cement showed less CS reduction and higher antibacterial activity as compared to Fuji II LC. The long-term aging study indicates that the cements are permanently antibacterial with no PQAS leaching. It appears that the experimental cement is a clinically attractive dental restorative that can be potentially used for long- lasting restorations due to its high mechanical strength and permanent antibacterial function.
Highlights
In dental clinics, secondary caries is found to be the main reason to the restoration failure of either composite resins or glass-ionomer cements (GICs) [1,2,3,4]
It appears that the experimental cement is a clinically attractive dental restorative that can be potentially used for longlasting restorations due to its high mechanical strength and permanent antibacterial function
We have developed novel antibacterial glass-ionomer cement containing non-leachable pendent quaternary ammonium salt (PQAS)
Summary
Secondary caries is found to be the main reason to the restoration failure of either composite resins or glass-ionomer cements (GICs) [1,2,3,4]. Among all the dental restoratives, GICs are found to be the most cariostatic and somehow antibacterial due to release of fluoride, which is believed to help reduce demineralization, enhance remineralization and inhibit microbial growth [5,6]. Annual clinical surveys found that secondary caries was still the main reason for GIC failure [1,2,3,4], indicating that the fluoride-release from GICs is not potent enough to inhibit bacterial growth or combat bacterial destruction. Release or slow-release can lead or has led to reduction of mechanical properties of the restoratives over time, short-term effectiveness, and possible toxicity to surrounding tissues if the dose or release is not properly controlled [6,7,8,9,10]
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