Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) had been applied in Internet of Things (IoT) and in Industry 4.0. Since a WSN system contains multiple wireless sensor nodes, it is necessary to develop a low-power and multiband wireless communication system that satisfies the specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Certification European (CE). In a WSN system, many devices are of very small size and can be slipped into a Universal Serial Bus (USB), which is capable of connecting to wireless systems and networks, as well as transferring data. These devices are widely known as USB dongles. This paper develops a planar USB dongle antenna for three frequency bands, namely 2.30–2.69 GHz, 3.40–3.70 GHz, and 5.15–5.85 GHz. This study proposes a novel antenna design that uses four loops to develop the multiband USB dongle. The first and second loops construct the low and intermediate frequency ranges. The third loop resonates the high frequency property, while the fourth loop is used to enhance the bandwidth. The performance and power consumption of the proposed multiband planar USB dongle antenna were significantly improved compared to existing multiband designs.
Highlights
The increasing use of portable devices with low-power integrated circuits and wireless communication has paved its way to a new generation of wireless sensor area networks
The first indicator is the function of the antenna, namely its supported frequency bands, gain, and radiation efficiency
Under Chu’s limits, the radiation efficiency and bandwidth are limited by the size of the antenna
Summary
The increasing use of portable devices with low-power integrated circuits and wireless communication has paved its way to a new generation of wireless sensor area networks. This would refer to wireless networks that consist of several small body sensor units with a central control unit. Chen et al [1] used a micro-control unit design that covers all of the wireless body sensor nodes and manages a low power usage. Since the growth of use of wireless communication systems, processing requires a higher frequency and a wider transfer band. The data type of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is no longer limited to data in digits. The new wireless communication specification and its power consumption increased drastically. Chen et al [3] proposed an efficient lossless compression design.
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