A potential justifying superconductivity and pseudogap formation in high-Tc superconductors

Abstract

Copper and Iron based high temperature superconductors exhibit d-wave type superconducting gap and order parameter and posses a universal phase diagram. Here a potential is introduced that accounts for high temperature superconductivity, justifies d-wave symmetric behavior, and successfully explains phase diagram’s salient features. This potential is stipulated by principles of special relativity and arises from the difference between the electric potential of moving electrons and the potential of stationary nuclei. In quasi-two-dimensional materials this difference results in an uncompensated angular dependent attraction force in preferred directions of motion and a repulsion force in the perpendicular directions. The attraction force causes d-wave angular dependent superconducting gap and order parameter at high temperatures for d or p orbitals, which are the orbitals involved in Copper and Iron based superconductors. The repulsion force justifies the existence of angular dependent pseudogap and since the attraction and repulsions forces confine electrons to two directions of motion the number of allowed momentum states are reduced resulting in anti-ferromagnetic Mott-insulator behavior. The combination of the attraction and repulsion forces is shown to create charge density waves in these quasi-two-dimensional materials. This potential is able to justify the main features of the universal phase diagram self-consistently.