Abstract
In order to design a potential biodegradable implant, which combines with fine mechanical and antimicrobial properties, Mg-4Y-1Ag (mass fraction, %) alloys were produced by permanent mold casting and then hot extrusion. The microstructure, mechanical behavior, anti-corrosion behavior, and antimicrobial properties of the experimental alloys were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that α-Mg, Mg24Y5 (ε), and AgMg4 phases existed in the Mg-4Y-1Ag. The grain size of Mg-4Y-1Ag was greatly refined through hot-extrusion. The as-extruded Mg-4Y-1Ag alloy exhibit an ultimate tensile strength of 202.7 MPa with a good elongation of 33.6%. The compressive strength of as-extruded Mg-4Y-1Ag was 385 MPa, and the strength remained 183 MPa after immersing in PBS solution for four weeks. The as-extruded alloy had better corrosion resistance than as-cast alloy and as-extruded pure magnesium in PBS solution, for the reason of refined grain and the formation of Y2O3 film on the surface of Mg-4Y-1Ag alloy. Furthermore, the as-extruded Mg-4Y-1Ag alloys were superior to Ti6Al4V (TC4) and as-extruded pure magnesium in antimicrobial property for released Ag+ ion. Obvious inhibition halo was observed in the LB agar plate adding with as-extruded Mg-4Y-1Ag alloys. Also as-extruded Mg-4Y-1Ag alloys showed no cytotoxicity by co-culturing with L929 using the MTT method.
Highlights
Magnesium and its alloys have been investigated as biodegradable metallic materials in bone implants over the past years due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and their excellent mechanical properties close to the natural bone [1,2]
The clinical application of magnesium alloys is limited by their rapid corrosion speed [4,5], which is almost an intrinsic response of magnesium to a chloride containing solution [6,7], like the human body fluid
The experimental samples of as-extruded Mg-4Y-1Ag (Ex-Mg-4Y-1Ag) and as-extruded pure magnesium (Ex-Mg) were both obtained from the extruded plates, while samples of the as-cast alloys were cut from the casted ingot
Summary
Magnesium and its alloys have been investigated as biodegradable metallic materials in bone implants over the past years due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and their excellent mechanical properties close to the natural bone [1,2]. Mg and its alloys may be a good substitution for permanent materials such as stainless steels, Ti-based alloys, polymers, or bioceramics which do not require a second surgery [3]. The clinical application of magnesium alloys is limited by their rapid corrosion speed [4,5], which is almost an intrinsic response of magnesium to a chloride containing solution [6,7], like the human body fluid. A lot of hydrogen gas will be released during the process of rapid corrosion.
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