Abstract
Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and autophagy were related to neurological diseases. But the relationship among ceRNA, autophagy and Schizophrenia (SZ) was not clear. In this study, we obtained gene expression profile of SZ patients (GSE38484, GSE54578, and GSE16930) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then we screened the autophagy-related differentially expressed lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA (DElncRNA, DEmiRNA, and DEmRNA) combined with Gene database from The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). In addition, we performed enrichment analysis. The result showed that biological processes (BPs) mainly were associated with cellular responses to oxygen concentration. The enriched pathways mainly included ErbB, AMPK, mTOR signaling pathway and cell cycle. Furthermore, we constructed autophagy-related ceRNA network based on the TargetScan database. Moreover, we explored the diagnostic efficiency of lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA in ceRNA, through gene set variation analysis (GSVA). The result showed that the diagnostic efficiency was robust, especially miRNA (AUC = 0.884). The miRNA included hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-593-3p, hsa-miR-618, hsa-miR-4723-3p, hsa-miR-4640-3p, hsa-miR-296-5p, and hsa-miR-3943. The result of this study may be helpful for deepening the pathophysiology of SZ. In addition, our finding may provide a guideline for the clinical diagnosis of SZ.
Highlights
Schizophrenia is a serious genetic psychiatric disease that usually occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, and it affected 1.13 million people worldwide in 2017 [1, 2]
We downloaded the datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, each dataset had been normalized with MAS5 when the authors submitted them into the database as required
Enrichment analysis showed that autophagy-related DEmRNAs supported cellular responses to oxidative stress, regulation of protein catabolism, apoptosis signaling, as well as biological processes related to cellular responses to oxygen concentration (Figure 3A)
Summary
Schizophrenia is a serious genetic psychiatric disease that usually occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, and it affected 1.13 million people worldwide in 2017 [1, 2]. The main risk factors of the disease include disorders of the dopamine system [4]; early brain trauma, especially damage to the frontal and temporal lobes [5]; use of illicit drugs [6]; and infections during pregnancy caused by various factors [7]. The disease is diagnosed based on positive symptoms, such as hallucinations, delusions, and unusual behavior; Potential ceRNA Network in Schizophrenia or negative symptoms, such as blunted emotional reactions, lack of emotion and lack of language. Firstline treatments against schizophrenia are haloperidol and chlordiazepoxide, but they often show poor efficacy and are associated with high risk of serious adverse reactions [9]
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