Abstract
The thermodynamic parameters Eact, ΔH≠, ΔS≠, and ΔG≠ for various processes involving antioxidants were calculated using literature kinetic data (k, T). The ΔG≠ values of the antioxidants’ processes vary in the range 91.27–116.46 kJmol−1 at 310 K. The similarity of the ΔG≠ values (for all of the antioxidants studied) is supported to be an indication that a common mechanism in the above antioxidant processes may be taking place. A value of about 10–30 kJmol−1 is the activation energy for the diffusion of reactants depending on the reaction and the medium. The energy 92 kJmol−1 is needed for the excitation of O2 from the ground to the first excited state (1Δg, singlet oxygen). We suggest the same role of the oxidative stress and specifically of singlet oxygen to the processes of antioxidants as in the processes of proteinaceous diseases. We therefore suggest a competition between the various antioxidants and the proteins of proteinaceous diseases in capturing singlet oxygen’s empty π* orbital. The concentration of the antioxidants could be a crucial factor for the competition. Also, the structures of the antioxidant molecules play a significant role since the various structures have a different number of regions of high electron density.
Highlights
In a recent article of ours [1], we have presented a possible role of oxidative stress and singlet oxygen in diverse diseases
Having done major component of oxidative stress) in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and other disorders, this, we camewetoconcluded the conclusion that the processes that we have studied, which lead to the above that antioxidant administration or donation of reagents bearing regions of high
Having presented the above role of singlet oxygen in proteins the pathogenesis neurodegenerative other disorders, we concluded that and the of proteinaceousofdiseases or biomolecules in and general in capturing the singlet oxygen’s empty π* orbital
Summary
In a recent article of ours [1], we have presented a possible role of oxidative stress and singlet oxygen in diverse diseases. From the values of the ∆Gs6= , we came to the conclusion that the rate determining steps of the various reactions that were studied could be the formation of singlet oxygen from ground state oxygen and the diffusion of the various reactants, proteins, DNA, in general biomolecules. Having presented the above (possible) role of singlet oxygen (a major component of oxidative stress) in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and other disorders, we concluded that antioxidant administration or donation of reagents bearing regions of high electron density (bases) may be useful in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and the other disorders that were studied. The antioxidant or base should be tailored to the region of generation of O2 (1 ∆g ), i.e., to neurons rich in lipids and/or
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