Abstract
The Arp-Burbidge paradox (the enhanced density of distant quasars in the vicinity of some nearby galaxies) can potentially be explained as an effect of gravitational lensing within the existing cosmological paradigm. Distant, rich X-ray clusters, or even superclusters, of galaxies are observed along the lines of sight toward many of the objects on which this “paradox” is based. Such clusters can act as complex, transparent gravitational lenses, which can change the observed surface density of background objects due to the gravitational fields of both the cluster as a whole and of massive member galaxies, as well as of possible intergalactic globular clusters that may contain an appreciable fraction (∼10%) of the dark matter in galaxy clusters. We have verified the statistical basis for the supposedly “paradoxical” observational facts using data from the SDSS catalog, and used the minimal spanning tree method to search for inhomogeneities in the surface distributions of 32 800 quasars in one region of the celestial sphere (α = 120°–260°, δ = 20°–70°).
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