Abstract
A portable and power-free microfluidic device was designed for rapid and sensitive detection of lead (Pb2+). 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA)-functionalized gold nanoparticles (MUA-AuNPs) aggregated in the presence of Pb2+ for the chelation mechanism. When we performed this analysis on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip, the aggregations deposited onto the surface of chip and formed dark lines along the laminar flows in the zigzag microchannels. This visual result can be observed by the naked eye through a microscope or just a drop of water as a magnifier. Ten μM Pb2+ was successfully detected.
Highlights
Heavy metal ions (HMIs), such as lead (Pb2+), mercury (Hg2+) represent significant hazards to the environment and human health [1,2,3,4], since they can contaminate the soil and water and enter the water supply and food chain
It is known that normal Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with diameter between 10 nm to 50 nm appear red in colour in water [22,23], as we can see from the tube 1 in Figure 3, when Pb2+
Was added, chelate interaction with the carboxylate groups of mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA)-AuNPs occurred, which shortens the distance between the gold nanoparticles and formed aggregates
Summary
Heavy metal ions (HMIs), such as lead (Pb2+), mercury (Hg2+) represent significant hazards to the environment and human health [1,2,3,4], since they can contaminate the soil and water and enter the water supply and food chain. Their residues and toxicity cause serious and long-term effects. Aggregation is accompanied by a color change, colorimetrical assay methods utilizing AuNPs have been widely developed. While on our power-free PDMS microfluidic device, the aggregations formed deposited onto the surface of PDMS, resulting in a dark line which can be observed under a microscope
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