A population-based survey of frequencies of self-reported spontaneous and induced abortions in Danish women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Danish IDDM Epidemiology and Genetics Group.

Abstract

Whether pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM) have an increased risk of abortions is controversial. The aim of the present Danish population-based study of 33% of the Danish population was to describe the pattern of self-reported miscarriage and stillbirths from 1304 women with Type 1 DM. Data were obtained by questionnaire. The current age of the women was 20-65 years and their age at diabetes onset was 30 years or less. The frequency of spontaneous abortions (SA) and induced abortions (IA) reported from women diagnosed with Type 1 DM prior to pregnancy was 17.5% (95% CI 15.5-19.9%) and 18.0%. (95% CI 16.0-20.0%), respectively. No significant differences in abortion frequencies before or after 1980 were reported. Previous findings of a decreasing stillbirth-rate in diabetic pregnancies during the last decades were supported. The reported SA frequency of 17.5% (95% CI 15.5-19.9%) in pregnant women with Type 1 DM is higher than previously reported SA rates of 10-12% in Danish nondiabetic women and the SA rate is more than twice the SA rate found in a previous Danish study from a highly specialized obstetrical centre for diabetic women. These data suggest an urgent need for further improvement in the general management of Danish pregnant women with Type 1 DM.