Abstract
Neuroregenerative medicine has witnessed impressive technological breakthroughs in recent years, but the currently available scaffold materials still have limitations regarding the development of effective treatment strategies for neurological diseases. Electrically conductive micropatterned materials have gained popularity in recent years due to their significant effects on neural stem cell fate. Polydopamine (PDA)—modified materials can also enhance the differentiation of neurons. In this work, we show that PDA-modified carbon microfiber skeleton composites have the appropriate conductivity, three-dimensional structure, and microenvironment regulation that are crucial for the growth of neural stem cells. The design we present is low-cost and easy to make and shows great promise for studying the growth and development of mouse neural stem cells. Our results show that the PDA-mediated formation of electrically conductive and viscous nanofiber webs promoted the adhesion, organization, and intercellular coupling of neural stem cells relative to the control group. PDA induced massive proliferation of neural stem cells and promoted the expression of Ki-67. Together, our results suggest that the composite material can be used as a multifunctional neural scaffold for clinical treatment and in vitro research by improving the structure, conductivity, and mechanical integrity of the regenerated tissues.
Highlights
Neurodegenerative diseases lead to severe sensory and motor damage in the human body and are among the leading causes of social disability and death globally, and the lack of transplantable nerve tissue is the prime hindrance to clinical nerve repair
The nitrogen content increased to 16.97%, and because the additional nitrogen mainly derived from the PDA layer, this indicated that PDA had effectively been deposited onto the carbon fiber (CF)
We measured the expression of integrin β by quantitative realtime PCR, and we found no significant changes between the two groups, which means that the proliferation of neural stem cell (NSC) on PDA-CF has no relationship with this biomolecule synthesis
Summary
Neurodegenerative diseases lead to severe sensory and motor damage in the human body and are among the leading causes of social disability and death globally, and the lack of transplantable nerve tissue is the prime hindrance to clinical nerve repair Due to their multipotency and selfrenewal, neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation therapy is one of the most promising strategies for treating traumatic injuries and neurodegenerative disorders. The ideal tissue engineered nerves are composed of scaffold materials, a microenvironment that induces or promotes cell growth, and NSCs. Biomaterials and PDA-CF for NSCs their biocompatible modifications, for example, oriented substrates like electrospun microfibers, conductive materials such as graphene, and ordered materials like photonic crystals are gaining widespread use in the field of NTE applications because the scaffolds have shown the unique characteristics of topological cues and bioelectric properties for mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) or for performing other functions (Martino and Pluchino, 2006; He et al, 2012; Limongi et al, 2018). Cellulose has excellent conductivity after carbonization, so it is a great original material for conductive electrospinning technology
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