Abstract
The 5th generation (5G) wireless networks propose to address a variety of usage scenarios, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Due to the exponential increase in the user equipment (UE) devices of wireless communication technologies, 5G and beyond networks (B5G) expect to support far higher user density and far lower latency than currently deployed cellular technologies, like long-term evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). However, one of the critical challenges for B5G is finding a clever way for various channel access mechanisms to maintain dense UE deployments. Random access channel (RACH) is a mandatory procedure for the UEs to connect with the evolved node B (eNB). The performance of the RACH directly affects the performance of the entire network. Currently, RACH uses a uniform distribution-based (UD) random access to prevent a possible network collision among multiple UEs attempting to access channel resources. However, in a UD-based channel access, every UE has an equal chance to choose a similar contention preamble close to the expected value, which causes an increase in the collision among the UEs. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Poisson process-based RACH (2PRACH) alternative to a UD-based RACH. A Poisson process-based distribution, such as exponential distribution, disperses the random preambles between two bounds in a Poisson point method, where random variables occur continuously and independently with a constant parametric rate. In this way, our proposed 2PRACH approach distributes the UEs in a probability distribution of a parametric collection. Simulation results show that the shift of RACH from UD-based channel access to a Poisson process-based distribution enhances the reliability and lowers the network’s latency.
Highlights
In a 5th generation (5G) network, the random access channel (RACH) procedure is the core channel access mechanism to set up the wireless communication association between a user equipment (UE) and evolved Node B (eNB)
The efficiency of the currently deployed RACH system is greatly affected by the rise in the number of contending UEs in a network
It is due to the limited available channel contention preamble set
Summary
Residual preambles are used for CB-RA, where every UE randomly chooses one preamble from a set of predefined uniform random variables (RV) [7] This uniform distribution (UD) of RVs is used to prevent the inevitable collisions in the 5G network when multiple UEs attempts to access the channel resources. Mathematics 2021, 9, 508 in a UD-based channel access mechanism, every UE has an equal chance to choose an ( a+b) identical contention preamble close to the mean value of the UD, that is, 2 for a lower bound a and an upper bound b, which may cause an increase in a collision among the UEs. we may use a Poisson process-based distribution, which expresses the probability of a given RV of events independently and distributively occurring in a fixed interval of time or space with a known constant rate.
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