Abstract
Low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) and grid support capability are becoming a necessity for grid-tied renewable energy sources to guarantee utility availability, quality and reliability. In this paper, a swap control scheme is proposed for grid-tied permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) MW-level wind turbines. This scheme shifts system operation from maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode to LVRT mode, during utility voltage sags. In this mode, the rectifier-boost machine-side converter overtakes DC-link voltage regulation independently of the grid-side converter. The latter attains grid synchronization by controlling active power injection into the grid to agree with grid current limits while supporting reactive power injection according to the sag depth. Thus grid code requirements are met and power converters safety is guaranteed. Moreover, the proposed approach uses the turbine-generator rotor inertia to store surplus energy during grid voltage dips; thus, there is no need for extra hardware storage devices. This proposed solution is applied on a converter topology featuring a minimal number of active switches, compared to the popular back-to-back converter topology. This adds to system compatibility, reducing its size, cost and switching losses. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed approach during normal and LVRT operation.
Highlights
Climate change due to carbon emissions is a true global issue that needs strict actions to reduce its threatening impacts
A permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based WEC grid-tied system is considered in simulation work for validating the proposed approach
PMSG are employed with full-scale power converters that feature isolation from grid disturbances, adding robustness to their fault ride through capabilities
Summary
Climate change due to carbon emissions is a true global issue that needs strict actions to reduce its threatening impacts. Reaching net zero emissions will demand serious measures by a large number of sectors and players, wind power is placed to be a keystone in accelerating the global energy transition as one of the fastest growing renewable energy technologies [1]. A new trend is directed for taller and larger wind turbines, such as PMSG-based ones, to extract more power and maximize energy captured via their associated full-scale converter systems [1]. This configuration aims to achieve balance between generator size and maintenance effort, where the need for a gearbox can be eliminated by using a high pole number-based
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