Abstract
This article presents a Virtual Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (VTEDS)-based framework for the development of intelligent sensor nodes with plug-and-play capabilities in order to contribute to the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) toward the Web of Things (WoT). It makes use of new lightweight protocols that allow sensors to self-describe, auto-calibrate, and auto-register. Such protocols enable the development of novel IoT solutions while guaranteeing low latency, low power consumption, and the required Quality of Service (QoS). Thanks to the developed human-centered tools, it is possible to configure and modify dynamically IoT device firmware, managing the active transducers and their communication protocols in an easy and intuitive way, without requiring any prior programming knowledge. In order to evaluate the performance of the system, it was tested when using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Ethernet-based smart sensors in different scenarios. Specifically, user experience was quantified empirically (i.e., how fast the system shows collected data to a user was measured). The obtained results show that the proposed VTED architecture is very fast, with some smart sensors (located in Europe) able to self-register and self-configure in a remote cloud (in South America) in less than 3 s and to display data to remote users in less than 2 s.
Highlights
The Internet of Things (IoT) is no longer a novel concept and has already become an everyday term.the IoT market has maintained a sustainable growth in the last several decades and is estimated to grow to 20 billion devices in 2020 [1]
This paper focuses on the use and advantages of Virtual Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (VTEDS), but note that such a solution has its limitations, since a TED library is required and some manufacturers do not publish their transducer the same meta-descriptor (TEDS)
To tackle the mentioned issues, this paper presents the design and development of a plug-and-play architecture based on VTEDS with self-description at the sensor layer and where VTEDS are available at the cloud layer in order to ease transducer management from the web and to let other applications and services use the information provided by the IoT system
Summary
The Internet of Things (IoT) is no longer a novel concept and has already become an everyday term. There is a growing Do It Yourself (DIY) community of makers that devise new products and customized IoT developments that are facing the mentioned challenges everyday In response to this need, the Web of Things (WoT) [24,25] arises as a concept that creates an abstraction layer above IoT, modifying the already existing web protocols that have provided scalability and interactivity to applications and that allow web developers to make use of the data and services collected from IoT devices. In order to tackle the previously mentioned issues, this article proposes a solution that includes the following main contributions: An architecture based on the IEEE 21451 standard that proposes different modifications related to the concept of Virtual Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (VTEDS) is presented.
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