Abstract
The non-invasive self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has been the subject of intense investigation over recent decades. We conducted a pilot study designed to examine a novel non-invasive glucometer, the HGR GWave, utilizing radiofrequency (RF) sensing. Blood glucose levels assessed by this HGR prototype were compared to measurements performed by a hexokinase core laboratory assay during an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) for 5 subjects with type 2 diabetes. The HGR glucose meter readings were also compared to two Abbot Freestyle® glucose meters, which were also used for calibration. The accuracy of the results was evaluated through the calculation of relative absolute difference (RAD), specified percentage differences between 43 reference glucose measurements, and using comparator measurements. The median RAD was −4.787. We detected 79.04%, 92.99% and 97.64% of HGR readings within ±10%, ±15% and ±20% of the reference glucose measurements. The HGR readings had a high correlation with reference lab glucose measurements with R2 = 0.924 (95% CI 0.929–0.979; p < 0.0001). When compared to the Freestyle® glucose meters 94.3% and 100% of the readings were within ±5% and ±10%, with R2 = 0.975 (0.975–0.994; p < 0.0001). The HGR prototype glucose meter was found to be accurate in detecting real-time blood glucose during an oGTT in this small pilot study. A study with a broader range of blood glucose levels is needed to further assess its accuracy and its suitability for clinical use.
Highlights
According to a report from 2018, the crude estimate for diabetes prevalence in the United States population is 10.5% (34.2 million people), with an estimated 26.8% of adults over the age of 65 years suffering from the disease
The current study aims to assess the accuracy of non-invasive glucose measurements in been investigated but has so afar failed toRF
The current study aims to assess the accuracy of non-invasive glucose measurements in patients withand diabetes using a real-time RF based technology
Summary
According to a report from 2018, the crude estimate for diabetes prevalence in the United States population is 10.5% (34.2 million people), with an estimated 26.8% of adults over the age of 65 years suffering from the disease. An additional 88 million adults live with prediabetes [1]. The projected prevalence of diabetes in 2050 is estimated to rise to. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an integral component of therapy for patients with diabetes, with monitoring frequency differing according to diabetes type, patient therapy (insulin versus non-insulin) and patient characteristics. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines published in 2021, the recommended frequency of monitoring is up to 6–10 times per day [3]. Among children with type 1 diabetes each additional daily measurement correlates with a 0.4% reduction in hemoglobin
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