Abstract
BackgroundFeline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a multifactorial immune-mediated disease that can lead to chronic pain, anorexia, and weight loss and has substantial health and welfare effects. Currently, the recommended treatment includes dental extractions to decrease the inflammatory stimulation associated with dental plaque. However, complete remission is observed in less than half of the cases, and the majority need comprehensive medical management. This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of the acute phase protein alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) in cats with FCGS and to examine whether dental extractions contribute to a significant decrease in the systemic inflammatory response at two postoperative time points.ResultsAGP serum concentrations in the cats with FCGS were significantly higher at all time points than that in the control groups and were significantly correlated with the global caudal stomatitis score at day 0 but not at day 30 or 60. A significant improvement of some clinical scores, such as perceived comfort and global caudal stomatitis, was observed 60 days after the dental extraction. However, the levels of AGP did not significantly change over time.ConclusionsCats with FCGS were more likely to have a systemic inflammatory response compared with age- and dental disease-matched controls. Dental extractions, in most cases, did not contribute to a significant decrease of AGP both at 30 and 60 days. Therefore, this study reinforces the need to pursue comprehensive medical management after dental extractions to attenuate the systemic inflammatory response as a result of this disease.
Highlights
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a multifactorial immune-mediated disease that can lead to chronic pain, anorexia, and weight loss and has substantial health and welfare effects
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a severe multifactorial inflammatory disease that has a limited response to the current treatments [1]
Dental extractions are associated with some symptom improvement, no therapy allows for complete remission [1], and more than 68% of treated animals require extended medical treatment [4]
Summary
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a multifactorial immune-mediated disease that can lead to chronic pain, anorexia, and weight loss and has substantial health and welfare effects. This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of the acute phase protein alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) in cats with FCGS and to examine whether dental extractions contribute to a significant decrease in the systemic inflammatory response at two postoperative time points. Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a severe multifactorial inflammatory disease that has a limited response to the current treatments [1]. Studies report 37% of cured animals with either partial or total extractions and significant improvement or cure in 50 to 67% of cases [2, 4]. Dental extractions are associated with some symptom improvement, no therapy allows for complete remission [1], and more than 68% of treated animals require extended medical treatment [4]. One study showed that 7% of the affected cats that do not respond to treatment presented higher caudal and alveolar stomatitis scores, not related to FCV load [2]
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