A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Influence of Implant Supported Prosthesis Framework Material on the Stress Distribution in Peri-Implant Bone in Anterior Mandible: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

Context: Original research. Aims: The aim of the present study to evaluate the effects of prosthetic material on the stress distribution of implant-supported prosthesis in the bone around implants using finite element analysis and to draw a comparison so as to which material causes the least amount of stress on the bone. Settings and Design: In vitro finite element analysis - Comparative study. Methods and Materials: Models of the implants and the mandible were constructed using SOLID WORKS software and then they were transferred to another software ANSYS Work bench for FEA. A four-unit prosthesis was designed in the region of anterior mandible with implants being placed in 32 and 42 regions. The prosthesis was made of different materials in different models, M1 was of made of cobalt chromium framework, M2 was made of Titanium framework, M3 was made of zirconia framework each with layered ceramic. M4 was a monolithic zirconia prosthesis. The values of the Von Mises stresses generated in the implant, superstructure and alveolar bone around were calculated. The total deformation and stress generated in different models were calculated and compared. Statistical analysis used: Von mises Stress Analysis, Unpaired t test. Results: Zirconia and Monolithic zirconia showed comparatively less total deformation and stress levels in peri-implant bone. Titanium prosthesis caused less total deformation and stress distribution as compared to cobalt chromium. Conclusions: The distribution of stress in peri implant bone is evidently dependent on the prosthesis material and different materials cause different amount of deformations as they differ in their clinical properties.