Abstract
Background. The direct or indirect effect of chemicals on the nervous system of humans or animals is referred to as neurotoxicity. Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) intoxication causes behavioral and cognitive deficiencies in humans and experimental animals. TMT has long been used as a model toxicant in the study of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity. Momordica charantia, which is used in traditional herbal medicine, has a variety of pharmacological functions. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles have a higher loading capacity, are less dense, and have a larger specific area. Objectives. To investigate a possible nanotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease caused by trimethyltin chloride in freshwater zebrafish. Methods. An aqueous extract of M.charantia was used to perform the primary and secondary screening. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant capacity of crude aqueous extracts of M. charantia. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are made using a CTAB surfactant chemical process and tetraethyl orthosilicate. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and EDAX were used to characterize it. Danio rerio was used to test the trimethyltin chloride for Alzheimer’s disease. The M. charantia and mesoporous silica nanoparticles were then tested in the same method. Results. The extract has no adverse effects on zebrafish, indicating that M. charantia is safe for human consumption. The histopathological findings indicate that the tissues of the fish infected with the extract had no pathological modifications. Conclusion. The M. charantia showed higher antioxidant activity and anticholinesterase activity, and upon further characterization and assessment, this could be a safe and potential drug candidate for Neurotoxicity.
Highlights
Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) has been found in drinking water sources, household water systems, marine environments, and aquatic specimens [1]
The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the aqueous extract of M. charantia revealed the presence of steroids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, etc., The HPTLC analysis revealed the presence of 12 compounds of steroids with bioactive potentials
The antioxidant potential of crude aqueous extracts of M. charantia was assessed by DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, and the results suggest that the extract showed excellent antioxidant activity
Summary
Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) has been found in drinking water sources, household water systems, marine environments, and aquatic specimens [1]. The whole plant, especially the seeds and fruit, has considerable pharmacological effects, for example, it has been used in the treatment of diabetes since ancient times and continues to play an important role in diabetes prevention and treatment in many developing countries. This plant is used in conventional herbal medicine and has several pharmacological properties, including antidiabetic, abortifacient, anthelmintic, contraceptive, antimalarial, and laxative properties. Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) intoxication causes behavioral and cognitive deficiencies in humans and experimental animals. The extract has no adverse effects on zebrafish, indicating that M. charantia is safe for human consumption. The M. charantia showed higher antioxidant activity and anticholinesterase activity, and upon further characterization and assessment, this could be a safe and potential drug candidate for Neurotoxicity
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