A pilot study: Changes of MDAMB-231 cancer cell line response to synthesized oleic acid – coated MgFe2O4 nano ferrite compound and its cytotoxic effects on L929 cell line

Abstract

In this investigation, we synthesized MgFe2O4 nano ferrite compounds using the sol-gel method and coated them with oleic acid. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity study on the L929 cell line and the anticancer activity against the breastcancer-MDAMB-231 cellline using in vitro approach. The physical structure of the compounds was confirmed to have a cubic spinel structure and Fd3m space group using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scherrer's formula revealed crystallite sizes of 11 nm for MgFe2O4and 33 nm for oleic acid-coated MgFe2O4 nanoferrites. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the existence of MgFe2O4 inuncoated and coated compounds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the surface structure and morphology of the synthesized compounds. The compounds show a grain-like structure with a little agglomeration. With the help of histogram graph average size of the particles are determined, where the MgFe2O4 and coated MgFe2O4 have 17.2 and 20 nm average particle sizes. Testing of magnetic properties was done with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), demonstrating ferromagnetic properties for the samples. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that MgFe2O4 exhibited higher cytotoxicity compared to oleic acid-coated MgFe2O4 nanoferrite on L929 cells. MgFe2O4 & oleic acid-coated MgFe2O4 compounds were tested on the MDAMB-231 breast cancer cell line, with the uncoated sample displaying significantly greater anticancer activity, as evidenced by a higher percentage of cell viability and a lower IC50 value of 55.67 µg compared to 65.97 µg for the coated sample.