Abstract
BackgroundShogi is a traditional board game in Japan. A preventive stress management program based on Shogi-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (S-CBT) was applied in the Japanese municipality of Kakogawa City. The study aimed to develop an S-CBT preventive stress management program for the elderly and determine its efficacy.MethodsThe participants were 67 elderly men with amateur-level Shogi skills. They were randomly assigned to either the S-CBT group (n = 33) or the waiting-list control group (n = 34). The S-CBT program was conducted over six 90-min sessions. The outcome measures were recorded using K6 instrument, the Japanese version of the abbreviated Lubben Social Network Scale, five items on cognitive behavioral functioning, and subjective well-being scale.Results and conclusionsThe dropout rates of the S-CBT group and waiting-list control groups were 36.4 and 44.1%, respectively. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each group. Domains that changed immediately after the S-CBT intervention were problem-solving skills, self-reinforcement, and negative automatic thoughts. Future research should promote mental and physical health through the design of intervention programs using familiar materials.Trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN CTR) UMIN000036003.
Highlights
The nationwide health-promoting “Health Japan 21” campaign is a priority in Japan
Important issues related to promoting mental health in Japan can be summarized as follows: (i) a preventive stress management program to promote the implementation of self-care while considering regional characteristics; (ii) it is necessary to consider the effect of cognitivebehavioral programs on mental health
We developed a Shogi-assisted preventive stress management program for the elderly based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (S-CBT) and examined its efficacy
Summary
The nationwide health-promoting “Health Japan 21” campaign is a priority in Japan. self-care has been emphasized for mental health problems [1]. In Japan, where the population is rapidly aging, it is important to support the mental and physical health of the elderly, including their life (2022) 16:1 functions [4]. Wuthrich et al [6] implemented a group cognitive-behavioral program in a randomized controlled trial of an elderly population with anxiety and depression. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral programs for treating psychological distress in the elderly has been confirmed in both Europe and the United States, but no such study has been performed in Japan. Important issues related to promoting mental health in Japan can be summarized as follows: (i) a preventive stress management program to promote the implementation of self-care while considering regional characteristics; (ii) it is necessary to consider the effect of cognitivebehavioral programs on mental health. The study aimed to develop an S-CBT preventive stress management program for the elderly and determine its efficacy
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