Abstract

A complete pictorial representation for the product operator formalism has been developed to describe arbitrary multidimensional and multinuclear NMR experiments. A complete set of 16 multiple-headed vectors has been derived for a weakly coupled, two-spin (I = ½) system and extended to a three-spin system. The time evolution of chemical shift, scalar coupling, and the effects of pulses can then be easily visualized. The concepts of coherence transfer, multiple-quantum spectroscopy, and phase cycling are illustrated for a variety of experimental techniques. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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