Abstract
The water trap seal is still the main method of protecting building inhabitants from the ingress of foul contaminated air and noxious gases from the sewer. This seal can become compromised when water is lost in the trap by processes including evaporation and siphonage from excessive system suction pressures. A recent innovation is the waterless trap seal, which uses flexible sheaths, typically made from silicone rubber to form the seal. The sheath opens in response to a sub-atmospheric air pressure and will shut tightly under a supra-atmospheric pressure in order to form a seal. Full system numerical modelling of building drainage systems has offered insight into system responses to pressure transients and has opened up the evaluation of building wastewater systems to predictive modelling which has assisted in producing improvements to public health. A requirement of any predictive model is a mathematical representation of the physical characteristics of the system. This research develops a technique for developing boundary equations so that predictive modelling is possible. We combine photographic and pressure data analysed by Fourier analysis to develop the model. The technique is applicable to any device were the fluid structure interaction plays a significant role in its operation.
Highlights
The water trap seal has been a feature of building drainage and sanitary systems since its first inclusion in 1775 when the approach was invented by Alexander Cummings [1]
While the current pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes, COVID-19 has not yet shown signs of such a similar transmission pathway, there is mounting evidence for viral shedding in faeces [12,13,14] and the pathway first identified in Amoy gardens has been validated by Gormley et al as a legitimate risk [11]
This paper presents the results of the laboratory investigation into the characteristic movement of non-rigid self-sealing valves—waterless traps
Summary
The water trap seal has been a feature of building drainage and sanitary systems since its first inclusion in 1775 when the approach was invented by Alexander Cummings [1]. The main function of the water trap seal is to stop the ingress of foul air into the interior of a building from the main sewer. Loss of water trap seal can be a nuisance—. The consequences of water seal loss can have dire consequences for inhabitants, as brought to light by the SARS outbreak in Amoy Gardens in 2002/2003 with the infection of 320 people leading to 42 deaths in one housing complex alone [9,10,11]. While the current pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes, COVID-19 has not yet shown signs of such a similar transmission pathway, there is mounting evidence for viral shedding in faeces [12,13,14] and the pathway first identified in Amoy gardens has been validated by Gormley et al as a legitimate risk [11]
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