A pH-sensitive molecularly imprinted nanospheres/hydrogel composite as a coating for implantable biosensors

Abstract

A pH-sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanospheres/hydrogel composite exhibiting controlled release of dexamethasone-21 phosphate disodium (DXP) was developed as a potential coating for implantable biosensors to improve their biocompatibility. The molecularly imprinted pH-sensitive nanospheres were prepared by UV-initiated precipitation polymerization using DXP as the template molecule. The DXP loading and release experiments showed that the MIP nanospheres exhibited a higher loading level and slower release rate than non-imprinted polymer (NIP) nanospheres due to the interaction of DXP with the DXP-imprinted cavities within the MIP nanospheres. Furthermore, the MIP nanospheres exhibited a faster DXP release rate at a lower pH value within the pH range tested (i.e., 6.0–7.4), which is desirable for suppressing inflammation because inflammation induces an acidic microenvironment. In contrast, the NIP nanospheres did not show a notable pH-responsive DXP release behavior. The hydrogel poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) -N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP) -2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)) was prepared by UV polymerization. The MIP nanospheres were successfully incorporated into the hydrogel. The equilibrium water content and swelling kinetics of the MIP nanospheres/hydrogel composite were similar to those of pure hydrogel. The MIP nanospheres/hydrogel composite exhibited a much better controlled DXP release profile than the pure hydrogel. This pH-sensitive MIP nanospheres/hydrogel composite designed as a coating for implantable biosensors can potentially suppress the inflammation response of the implanted biosensors efficiently thereby effectively improving their lifetime.