A Petrov–Galerkin finite element approach for the unsteady boundary layer upper-convected rotating Maxwell fluid flow and heat transfer analysis

Abstract

A numerical investigation is carried out in the present study to view heat transfer framing indifferent Cattaneo–Christov hyperbolic heat flux equation. A numerical scheme built on the Petrov–Galerkin finite element method (PG-FEM) with shooting technique is incorporated successfully to examine the flow regime. In addition, mathematical explanation of energy equation in detail is studied which is in a transient state and unmatched in the accessible literature. Pertinent unsteady parameter for boundary layer flow is analyzed for physical implication. Moreover, momentum and energy profiles are inspected with various physical effects adjacent to thermal relaxation time, rotational parameters, Prandtl and Deborah numbers. A refined numerical strategy based on the PG-FEM scheme is implemented and validated for the results. These results found strong agreement in limiting cases to Mustafa [Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model for rotating flow and heat transfer of upper-convected Maxwell fluid. AIP AdvAIP Advances. 2015;5:047109] and with other numerical results available in existing literature as well.