Abstract
Twisted light, with spatially varying phase or polarization, has given rise to various applications, such as micro-particle manipulation, optical communication, and quantum information processing. In recent decades, to bring these applications into reality, various configurations such as conventional spiral phase plates, computer-generated holograms, metasurface-based setups, and on-chip devices have been explored for twisted light generation. In this Perspective, we focus on recent progress in generation twisted light from typical on-chip devices such as waveguides, plasmonic nanoslits, whispering gallery mode configurations, and meta-gratings. We aim at highlighting the key research advances and technical challenges in on-chip twisted light generation. Finally, we outlook the likely future trend of this emerging research field.
Highlights
Optical vortices, the vortex solutions of the Maxwell–Bloch equations, are the electromagnetic analog of fluid vortices investigated in hydrodynamics
Assisted by a 30-channel optical frequency combs (OFCs), the proposed emitter has been applied to an orbital angular momentum (OAM) communication with a data rate of 1.2 Tbit/s, providing a new method to further increase the capacity in OFC communication
Twisted lights carrying OAMs have provided a new degree of freedom in light–matter interactions, enabling numerous advanced applications in modern photonics
Summary
The vortex solutions of the Maxwell–Bloch equations, are the electromagnetic analog of fluid vortices investigated in hydrodynamics. Emerging applications based on the OAM degrees of freedom will probably demand photonic integrated circuits and devices with miniature size, high performance, and novel functionality. For this purpose, various mechanisms such as metasurfaces and on-chip devices have been adopted to develop compact OV generators, offering an easy and robust solution to obtain vortex beams.. On-chip dynamically tunable vortex beam generators have been demonstrated as well for important applications in future OAM-multiplexing and quantum information processing systems.. On-chip dynamically tunable vortex beam generators have been demonstrated as well for important applications in future OAM-multiplexing and quantum information processing systems.42,43 In this Perspective, we discuss the evolution of several typical setups for on-chip generation and processing of twisted beams. We give our prospects of future development in this field
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