A peripheral blood gene expression score is associated with atherosclerotic Plaque Burden and Stenosis by cardiovascular CT-angiography: Results from the PREDICT and COMPASS studies

Abstract

ObjectiveWe previously validated a gene expression score (GES) based on age, sex and peripheral blood cell expression levels of 23 genes measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) (≥50% luminal diameter stenosis). In this study we sought to determine the association between the GES and coronary arterial Plaque Burden and Stenosis by CT-angiography. MethodsA total of 610 patients (mean age: 57 ± 11; 50% male) from the PREDICT and COMPASS studies from 59 centers were analyzed. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring, CT angiography (CTA)-based plaque and stenosis and GES measurements were performed. CAC was expressed as Agatston score and CTA evaluated for stenosis severity: 0. None; 1. Minimal, 2. Mild, 3. Moderate, 4. Severe and 5. Occluded. Correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses were performed. ResultsGES was significantly associated with plaque burden by CAC (r = 0.50; p < 0.001) and CTA (segment involvement score index: r = 0.37, p < 0.001); a low score (≤15) had sensitivity of 0.71 and a high score (≥28) a specificity of 0.97 for the prediction of zero vs. non-zero CAC. Increasing GES was associated with a greater degree of categorical stenosis by ANOVA (p < 0.001); GES significantly correlated with maximum luminal stenosis (r = 0.41; p < 0.01) and segment stenosis score index (r = 0.38; p < 0.01). A low score had sensitivity of 0.90 and a high score a specificity of 0.87 for ≥70% stenosis. ConclusionsA previously validated GES is significantly associated with Plaque Burden and Stenosis by CT. Clinical trial registration.(PREDICT [NCT00500617] and COMPASS [NCT01117506]), www.clinicaltrials.gov