Abstract
Haptic interfaces have been designed for brain surgery simulation may prove to be especially useful for training surgeons to conduct minimally invasive procedures and remote surgery using tele-operators. However, it well known that collaborative, haptic, audio and visual environments (C-HAVE) suffer from setbacks due to network delay, scalability, reliability and synchronization problem when the users are geographically distributed. In this paper, we focus upon a Brain Tumor Tele-Surgery application that is based on closely coupled and highly synchronized haptic tasks that require a high-level of coordination among the participants. We considered four main protocols: the synchronous collaboration transport protocol (SCTP), the selective reliable transmission protocol (SRTP), the reliable multicast transport protocol (RMTP) and the scalable reliable multicast (SRM) and presented a hybrid protocol that is able to satisfy all the CVE and C-HAVE requirements and discuss its implementation using brain tumor tele-surgery application as a case study.
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