A pattern changes evaluation on household greenhouses gases during pandemic in Surakarta

Abstract

The pandemic has caused a change in activity patterns that affect energy consumption and waste production due to restriction of activities. The purpose of this study is to find the changes in household GHG emission pattern during the pandemic in Surakarta Municipality. The focus of household GHG calculated in the study is electricity and liquid petroleum gas (LPG) consumption, waste production, and household batik industry. Greenhouse gases calculated with IPCC Guideline. Data activity used reference based approach. The total of household activity emission during the pandemic in Surakarta reaches 1035680.40 tonnes CO2eq, contributing to 33.5% of the total emission. The number comes from electricity consumption that produced 900709.38 tonnes CO2eq/year, LPG consumption that produced 107494.09 tonnes CO2eq/year, waste that produced 26050.44 tonnes CO2eq/year, and household batik industry that produced 1427.55 tonnes CO2eq/year. Monthly electricity consumption had 10% increase during the pandemic, surpassing the pre-pandemic highest value of 5.71%. LPG consumption had a decrease of 4.86%. Domestic waste production has an increasing trend of 36%, mostly containing inorganic waste (plastic). Pandemic created a new pattern on domestic electricity consumption.