A participatory study of patient views on psychotherapy for complex post-traumatic stress disorder, CPTSD

Abstract

Background A new diagnosis of Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, CPTSD, is included in ICD-11 which was adopted in May 2019 by the World Health Organisation, WHO. In addition to the symptoms of PTSD, CPTSD includes emotional dysregulation, negative self-concept, and disturbances in relationships. It may be a helpful diagnosis for trauma survivors with experiences of human mistreatment such as torture and abuse. Aims This study explores the views of patients in the community on psychotherapy for the diagnosis of CPTSD, taking a qualitative, participatory approach. Method Twenty-four former patients from an NHS secondary mental health service in London interviewed each other about their treatment. Participants also collaborated in data analysis. All had a diagnosis of PTSD, with additional symptoms of CPTSD identified at assessment. Results The key factor in recovery was rebuilding relationships, beginning with the therapist. Groupwork was helpful in promoting relationships with others, as it may result in shame reduction. Involvement in the wider community through peer support groups was also valuable. Conclusions The rebuilding of relationships based on trust was an active mechanism of change and recovery from CPTSD. Participants felt that sufficient time, at least one year of psychotherapy with weekly sessions, was needed.