Abstract
Why is quantum mathematics (QM) the only science based on probability amplitudes rather than probabilities? A paradigm shift called the Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) posits zero energy waves traveling in the opposite direction as particles, which a particle follows backwards: like a probabilistic guidance system emanating from detectors. Probability amplitudes are the mathematical analog of these elementary rays. Although this proposal might sound like gibberish, that is the hallmark of a paradigm shift. Thomas Kuhn warns that previous paradigm shifts were rejected because they sounded like gibberish. TEW is internally coherent, explains a mountain of empirical data, and resolves insoluble problems of QM. For example, it dispenses with the need for wavefunction collapse because probability decisions are made at the particle source, not the detector. It is the only local realistic theory consistent with the Bell test experiments. That which QM calls “nonlocality,†TEW calls “elementary rays.†One term is vague, the other involves elegant mathematics. This article introduces that mathematical notation, explains complementarity in double slit experiments, and reinterprets Feynman diagrams. QM and TEW are partners that need each other. One is a science of observables; the other a science of how nature works independent of the observer.
Highlights
We showed that Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) is a local realistic theory that can explain many of the Bell test experiments
Our goal in this article is to outline the mathematics of a new picture of physical nature independent of the observer, one that clears up the mystery described by Binney
The difference between in TEW versus quantum mathematics (QM) is that a TEW wave–particle responds to information from the detector ahead, since the detector is the origin of the ray ® embedded inside the identity of the wave particle
Summary
When you learned quantum math you entered a world of abstractions that have no apparent connection to the physical world around you, except that as you turn the gears “observables” drop out of the machinery, and those “observables” can be taken to the laboratory and verified. This machinery works magnificently for its goal, which is to predict how experiments and technology will perform in the future. When we have finished building the artificial world of TEW, we will leave it to the reader to decide whether that artificial world is one he or she would want to live in and adopt as a new home.
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