Abstract
Any strategy that proposes solutions to health-related problems recognizes that people, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Fusarium is an example of this interaction because it is capable of infecting plants, animals, and humans. This review provides information on various aspects of these relations and proposes how to approach fusariosis with a One Health methodology (a multidisciplinary, and multisectoral approach that can address urgent, ongoing, or potential health threats to humans, animals, and the environment). Here, we give a framework to understand infection pathogenesis, through the epidemiological triad, and explain how the broad utilization of fungicides in agriculture may play a role in the treatment of human fusariosis. We assess how plumbing systems and hospital environments might play a role as a reservoir for animal and human infections. We explain the role of antifungal resistance mechanisms in both humans and agriculture. Our review emphasizes the importance of developing interdisciplinary research studies where aquatic animals, plants, and human disease interactions can be explored through coordination and collaborative actions.
Highlights
One Health is a concept defined as a worldwide strategy for expanding interdisciplinary collaborations and communications in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment [1]
Bisifusarium [12], and recently, it has been proposed that members of the F. solani species complex be moved to the genus Neocosmospora based on the results of phylogenetic analysis [13]
In Brazil, 25% of fungal keratitis is caused by Fusarium [69], and in Mexico, F. solani was found in 37% of the patients [70]
Summary
One Health is a concept defined as a worldwide strategy for expanding interdisciplinary collaborations and communications in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment [1]. Human infections by Fusarium have been rising worldwide, mostly involving immunocompromised hosts [3,4]. To understand these human infections, the dynamics among hosts (human/animal), pathogens, and the environment must be explored. In humans, these fungi cause a broad spectrum of infections, including both superficial (onychomycosis and keratitis) and disseminated diseases ( in hematological cancer and neutropenic patients) [5]. Fungi 2020, 6, 235 is to assess the current conceptions in the One Health approach, to provide information about the host–pathogen interaction, as well to guide clinicians to consider Fusarium as an important human pathogen
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