Abstract
A one-dimensional model is developed for the primary breakup of low-speed jets using the technique of tracking the wave growth on the liquid-gas interface. The continuity and momentum equations are reduced to one-dimensional (1-D) forms to calculate the growth of waves on the jet surface. A novel symmetrical initial condition is proposed to handle finite-length jets and complex disturbances. A fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used to capture the surface wave structure. The drop size distribution is calculated/row the Fourier series by assuming that the diameter of each drop is proportional to the wavelength of its corresponding wave and the mass associated with each drop size is proportional to its Fourier coefficient. A breakup criterion is proposed based on the growth of the surface area. This model is validated by comparing with linear theories and with measurements for low-speed jets. breakup characteristics, such as the drop size distribution and Sauter mean diameter (SMD), are studied for a range of injection velocities.
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