Abstract
Chemicals synthesized directly from CO2 are a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Increasing efficiency and specificity will require a combination of chemical and biological processes.
Highlights
“With growing concerns about global climate change and increasing demand for sustainable production schemes, it becomes clear that we need to wean ourselves from our dependency on fossil carbons.”
There is a plethora of methods to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals [2,3,4,5,6]
These routes are usually classified based on the catalytic approach. We find it useful to discuss these methods according to a different classification that focuses on the carbon intermediates directly produced from CO2 (Fig 1)
Summary
Valorization of CO2 can proceed by different routes, utilizing different sources of energy (purple icons) and involving different carbon intermediates. Reduced C1 compounds from chemical synthesis could serve as microbial feedstocks to simultaneously provide a source for both carbon and energy [9] This strategy integrates abiotic and biotic catalyses and harnesses their respective advantages while bypassing their drawbacks: CO2 is activated by chemical means to produce a C1 compound at high specificity and efficiency (routes C and D), while microorganisms utilize the C1 intermediate to produce specific C≥2 compounds. Such hybrid abiotic/biotic C1-based production chains have the potential to operate at high specificity and energetic efficiency under ambient conditions, and are an attractive option for a future circular carbon economy. The methanol-based production of a wider array of products—including amino
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