Abstract
Given the urgent pursuit of carbon neutrality and stringent climate policies, the H2 shaft furnace (H2-SF) is starting to gain widespread attention in the steel industry. In this study, the performance of the H2-SF under operation with a dual-row injection top gas recycling system was investigated by a one-dimensional mathematical model. The potential of microwave heating as a means to supply thermal energy in regions of energy deficit was also assessed briefly. The results showed that for scenarios without microwave heating, increasing the upper-row injection rate can improve the furnace performance, and increasing the distance of the upper-row injection level from the furnace top also has a positive effect. A high microwave heating efficiency is expected in regions above the upper-row injection level. For scenarios with microwave heating, a higher microwave power leads to a better furnace performance. Thus, a higher furnace productivity can be achieved by increasing either the upper-row injection rate or the microwave power. However, the latter seems more promising as it decreases the total energy demand due to a better utilization of thermal energy. Based on the comparison of two representative examples, the decrease in the total energy demand is about 0.2 GJ/t-Fe.
Highlights
In a recent publication [11], the study was extended to a new top gas recycling (TGR) concept featuring dual-row injection as an alternative way of relaxing the strong constraints imposed by the need to supply a large portion of thermal energy to the process
This preliminary assessment confirmed that the dual-row injection TGR system could improve the furnace performance, especially in terms of gas utilization degree and total energy demand
Increases the supply of sensible heat to the furnace without deteriorating the in-furnace thermochemical state, since the reduction potential of the gas injected at the upper row is sufficient
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. In a recent publication [11], the study was extended to a new top gas recycling (TGR) concept featuring dual-row injection as an alternative way of relaxing the strong constraints imposed by the need to supply a large portion of thermal energy to the process. This preliminary assessment confirmed that the dual-row injection TGR system could improve the furnace performance, especially in terms of gas utilization degree and total energy demand. Processes 2021, 9, 2134 may serve as guidelines for future design of the H2-SF as well as for carrying out optimization of existing syngas-based units
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