Abstract
Groundwater heat pumps have energy saving potential where the groundwater resources are sufficient. System Coefficients of Performance (COPs) are measurements of performance of groundwater heat pump systems. In this study, the head and power of submersible pumps, heat pump units, piping, and heat exchangers are expressed as polynomial equations, and these equations are solved numerically to determine the system performance. Regression analysis is used to find the coefficients of the polynomial equations from a catalog of performance data. The cooling and heating capacities of water-to-water heat pumps are determined using Energy Plus. Results show that system performance drops as the water level drops, and the lowest flow rates generally achieve the highest system performance. The system COPs are used to compare the system performance of various system configurations. The groundwater pumping level and temperature provide the greatest effects on the system performance of groundwater heat pumps along with the submersible pumps and heat exchangers. The effects of groundwater pumping levels, groundwater temperatures, and the heat transfer coefficient in heat exchanger on the system performance are given and compared. This analysis needs to be included in the design process of groundwater heat pump systems, possibly with analysis tools that include a wide range of performance data.
Highlights
A large portion of energy use in buildings goes towards heating and cooling
The groundwater pumping level and temperature provide the greatest effects on the system performance of groundwater heat pumps along with the submersible pumps and heat exchangers
The performance of the Groundwater Heat Pumps (GWHPs) system can be expressed in terms of system coefficient of performance (COP), which are the ratios of the heating or cooling capacities to the corresponding electricity consumptions of the GWHP system
Summary
A large portion of energy use in buildings goes towards heating and cooling. Operating buildings contributes more to energy use and climate change than either transportation or industry, according to an estimate of global energy consumption [1]. Zhou et al conducted numerical and experimental investigations of the thermal behavior in the well of a GWHP [9] They compared the changes in the pumping temperature in different aquifer advection configurations and found that horizontal downstream cross-flow can improve the system efficiency in heating and cooling. The ground temperature or circulation temperature is important for calculating the performance of a heat pump, from the perspective of total system performance, the design and selection of the pumping system is important Pumping systems and their operating conditions greatly influence GWHP system performance. GWHP systems are composed of one or more production water wells, heat pump units, submersible and circulation pumps, and heat exchangers. The GWHP system of this study is composed of one submersible pump installed in the groundwater production well, one water to water heat pump unit, one circulation pump, and one heat exchanger. The heating and cooling capacities of the GWHP have different values
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