A numerical model for river ice dynamics based on discrete element method

Abstract

In this study, a numerical model for river ice dynamics (DEMRICE) based on the discrete element method is developed. The ice dynamic component of this model considers moving surface ice floes as discrete elements. It uses a three-dimensional dilated polyhedral discrete element method to resolve contact and external forces on individual ice floes. The hydrodynamic component uses a streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin (SUPG) finite-element method to solve the two-dimensional unsteady hydraulic equations. The model is validated with the analytical solution for equilibrium ice jams and the DynaRICE model. The ice jam evolution in a straight rectangular channel and the corresponding flow condition changes are simulated and discussed. Finally, the model is applied to simulate the ice transport and cover development in a reach of the Yellow River near Shisifenzi, Inner Mongolia.