Abstract
Hydrogen- or ammonia-enriched gas turbines are gaining increased attention for their environmentally friendly operation. To comprehend the effect of low-carbon fuels on vane cooling, this study employs numerical simulations to investigate for the first time the film cooling performance of a C3X turbine vane under hydrogen or ammonia combustion, with the mainstream water vapor content (MWVC) ranging from 0% to 100%. The simulations are conducted with the SST γ-θ transition model in the commercial software Ansys CFX. The results reveal a tendency of decreasing cooling effectiveness with increasing MWVC. However, serrated trench exhibits an effective guiding effect, thus enhancing the coolant lateral diffusion. Additionally, the serrated trench design minimizes the risk of coolant separation from the wall. The simulations indicate that the serrated trench significantly mitigates the decline in film cooling effectiveness caused by the MWVC increment, resulting in a noteworthy enhancement of cooling effectiveness by 122.49% to 193.54% over conventional cylindrical film holes. This study represents a preliminary exploration of turbine vane cooling for hydrogen- or ammonia- enriched gas turbines, establishing a foundation for subsequent turbine vane film cooling structure design. Its significance lies in facilitating the efficient operation of these turbines towards achieving zero-carbon emission targets and advancing innovative green technologies.
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