Abstract
An electrometer using complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor bilateral switches for automatic range control is described. Based on a dual-switching configuration, the electrometer is capable of current measurement over eight orders of magnitude. Together with a voltage shifter, this circuit provides a quasilinear analog output for the measurement of input dc current between 10−3 and 10−12 A. The application of integrated circuits makes the whole system compact and extremely low cost.
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