Abstract
A novel non-contact vital-sign sensing algorithm for use in cases of multiple subjects is proposed. The approach uses a 24 GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave Doppler radar with the parametric spectral estimation method. Doppler processing and spectral estimation are concurrently implemented to detect vital signs from more than one subject, revealing excellent results. The parametric spectral estimation method is utilized to clearly identify multiple targets, making it possible to distinguish multiple targets located less than 40 cm apart, which is beyond the limit of the theoretical range resolution. Fourier transformation is used to extract phase information, and the result is combined with the spectral estimation result. To eliminate mutual interference, the range integration is performed when combining the range and phase information. By considering breathing and heartbeat periodicity, the proposed algorithm can accurately extract vital signs in real time by applying an auto-regressive algorithm. The capability of a contactless and unobtrusive vital sign measurement with a millimeter wave radar system has innumerable applications, such as remote patient monitoring, emergency surveillance, and personal health care.
Highlights
Heart rate and respiration are two essential vital signs that indicate the basic functioning of a human body [1,2,3]
The present study proposes a novel vital-sign sensing algorithm for clear target identification and accurate vital sign estimation using a single 24 GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) Doppler radar based on FCC regulation
The measurements were taken in an indoor hallway, and the target range decided was the distance from the radar to the human subject
Summary
Heart rate and respiration are two essential vital signs that indicate the basic functioning of a human body [1,2,3] They can be used for the diagnosis and prevention of cardiopulmonary diseases such as sleep apnea and arrhythmia. Non-contact vital sign sensors have the distinct advantage of possible continuous monitoring without patient perception; they can be used for monitoring patients at risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) or sleep apnea [8,9] They can be used as a home care service for the elderly through continuous monitoring system [10,11]. They can be used for a driver monitoring system for detecting and alerting drowsy driver [12,13,14,15]
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