Abstract
The enzyme cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase is associated with the production of sialic acids on cat red blood cells. The cat has one major blood group with three serotypes; the most common blood type A being dominant to type B. A third rare blood type is known as AB and has an unclear mode of inheritance. Cat blood type antigens are defined, with N-glycolylneuraminic acid being associated with type A and N-acetylneuraminic acid with type B. Blood type AB is serologically characterized by agglutination using typing reagents directed against both A and B epitopes. While a genetic characterization of blood type B has been achieved, the rare type AB serotype remains genetically uncharacterized. A genome-wide association study in Ragdoll cats (22 cases and 15 controls) detected a significant association between blood type AB and SNPs on cat chromosome B2, with the most highly associated SNP being at position 4,487,432 near the candidate gene cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase. A novel variant, c.364C>T, was identified that is highly associated with blood type AB in Ragdoll cats and, to a lesser degree, with type AB in random bred cats. The newly identified variant is probably linked with blood type AB in Ragdoll cats, and is associated with the expression of both antigens (N-glycolylneuraminic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid) on the red blood cell membrane. Other variants, not identified by this work, are likely to be associated with blood type AB in other breeds of cat.
Highlights
Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) is associated with the production of the sialic acids present on cat erythrocytes [1]
This study presents the genetic investigation of feline blood type AB in Ragdoll cats and confirms the power of the feline single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in detecting a phenotype–locus association
The Ragdoll cases were selected by pedigree analysis to have minimal relationship to the controls, and 37 cats, including 22 cases and 15 controls, were submitted for SNP array genotyping (S1 Dataset, S2 Dataset)
Summary
Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) is associated with the production of the sialic acids present on cat erythrocytes [1]. CMAH converts N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) to N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) by substituting one of the hydrogen. Characterization of Rare Blood Types in Cats role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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