Abstract
ABSTRACTGlobal warming has forced researchers to find an alternative for fossil fuels and to enhance the energy efficiency of processes in industries. Waste heat recovery has a significant potential to reduce fossil fuel consumption and energy performance enhancement. The study cycle is a tri-generation system, heating, electrical power, that can capture carbon dioxide gas. The sys-tem works with the solar energy and waste heat of the cement plant. In this study, a model for a completely new system has been developed based on renewable energies. Thermodynamic analysis for the energy system is performed, and the system is based on the organic Rankine cycle, absorption chiller, solar energy, and waste heat recovery from the exhaust gases of the cement plant stacks. The results of the analysis showed that the energy and exergy efficiencies were calculated to be 35.78% and 12.77%, respectively, and the total exergy destruction was calculated 277327 kW. Also, the optimisation result with the direct algorithm method with the objective function of exergy efficiency improved both efficiencies. In this optimisation, the ex-ergy efficiency reached 16.39% and energy efficiency was calculated 49.04%. The optimisation with the objective function of total exergy destruction decreased the value to 216813 kW, which was significantly reduced from the base state of the system; while energy and exergy efficiencies were calculated to be 54.61% and 13.85%, respectively.
Highlights
Over the past century, the cement industry has experienced significant advances in various processes to increase efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions
The effect of greenhouse gases on land heating was assessed by the earth heating potential unit which showed how much greenhouse gas caused global warming compared to the reference gas
Thermodynamic analysis and single objective optimization are performed for a tri-generation system that produces power, heating and extracts carbon dioxide from flue gases of the cement plant in Qazvin, Iran
Summary
The cement industry has experienced significant advances in various processes to increase efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. The cement industry has been by challenged many problems such as increasing energy costs, global warming, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and the supply of raw materials [1]. After the combustion of fuels, about 40% of the furnace gas emissions with the transport of about 5%, and electricity consumption in the production process is about 5% [4]. For a 100-years interval, the potential for global warming of carbon dioxide gases, CH4, and N2O has been reported to be 1.25 and 298, respectively. The combustion of fossil fuels has accounted for about 75% of the increase in carbon dioxide emissions from human activities over the past 20 years. About 65% of carbon dioxide emissions are associated with electricity generation and heating and cooling, both of which are directly related to human energy needs [5]
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