A novel therapeutic bispecific format based on synthetic orthogonal heterodimers enables T cell activity against Acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract

Many therapeutic bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are in clinical trials. A modular and efficient process to create BiTEs would accelerate their development and clinical applicability. In this study, we present the design, production, and functional activity of a novel bispecific format utilizing synthetic orthogonal heterodimers to form a multichain modular design. Further addition of an immunoglobulin hinge region allowed a stable covalent linkage between the heterodimers. As proof-of-concept, we utilized CD33 and CD3 binding scFvs to engage leukemia cells and T-cells respectively. We provide evidence that this novel bispecific T-cell engager (termed IgGlue-BiTE) could bind both CD3+ and CD33+ cells and facilitates robust T-cell mediated cytotoxicity on AML cells in vitro. In a mouse model of minimal residual disease, we showed that the novel IgGlue-BiTE greatly extended survival, and mice of this treatment group were free of leukemia in the bone marrow. These findings suggest that the IgGlue-BiTE allows for robust simultaneous engagement with both antigens of interest in a manner conducive to T cell cytotoxicity against AML. These results suggest a compelling modular system for bispecific antibodies, as the CD3- and CD33-binding domains can be readily swapped with domains binding to other cancer- or immune cell-specific antigens.