Abstract
Nitrogen doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via a novel plasma enhanced electrolysis method using bulk titanium (Ti) as a source material and nitric acid as the nitrogen dopant. This method possesses remarkable merits with regard to the direct-metal synthesis of nanoparticles with its one-step process, eco-friendliness, and its ability to be mass produced. The nanoparticles were synthesized from bulk Ti metal and dipped in 5–15 mmol of a nitric acid electrolyte under the application of AC 500 V, the minimum range of voltage to generate plasma. By controlling the electrolyte concentration, the nanoparticle size distribution could be tuned between 12.1 and 24.7 nm using repulsion forces via variations in pH. The prepared N-TiO2 nanoparticles were calcined at between 100 and 300°C to determine their photocatalytic efficiency within the visible-light region, which depended on their crystal structure and N doping content. Analysis showed that the temperature treatment yielded an anatase TiO2 crystalline structure when the N doping content was varied from 0.4 to 0.54 at.%. In particular, the 0.4 at.% N doped TiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic performance with quadruple efficiency compared to the P-25 standard TiO2 nanoparticles, which featured a 91% degradation of methyl orange organic dye within 300 min. This solid-liquid reaction based on plasma enhanced electrolysis could open new pathways with regard to high purity mass producible ceramic nanoparticles with advanced properties.
Highlights
The photocatalytic activity of the Nitrogen doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) nanoparticles was assessed by analyzing the visible region efficiency of the decomposing methyl orange (MO, Sigma-Aldrich Co.) solution in a dark chamber equipped with a UV cut-off filter (Edmund Optics, 400–50 mm Diameter, OD 2 long pass filter) and a 300 W Zenon lamp
These results coincided with the photocatalytic activity and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showing that for temperatures >250◦C, the N doping content was eliminated and the band gap recovered to its original value
Through the adoption of a novel synthetic method for amorphous N doped TiO2 nanoparticles using plasma enhanced electrolysis, massive N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles could be produced by merely supplying sufficient voltage to the anode, which was a metal source
Summary
Tae Hyung Kim 1, Gwang-Myeong Go 2, Hong-Baek Cho 2, Yoseb Song 2, Chan-Gi Lee 1* and Yong-Ho Choa 2*. Nitrogen doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via a novel plasma enhanced electrolysis method using bulk titanium (Ti) as a source material and nitric acid as the nitrogen dopant. This method possesses remarkable merits with regard to the direct-metal synthesis of nanoparticles with its one-step process, eco-friendliness, and its ability to be mass produced. The 0.4 at.% N doped TiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic performance with quadruple efficiency compared to the P-25 standard TiO2 nanoparticles, which featured a 91% degradation of methyl orange organic dye within 300 min This solid-liquid reaction based on plasma enhanced electrolysis could open new pathways with regard to high purity mass producible ceramic nanoparticles with advanced properties
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