Abstract

Traditionally, the channelization structures of wireless technologies (802.11/ZigBee/BLE) have been fixed. Each node content for the spectrum is assigned one channel with a specific bandwidth. However, classical channel‐based spectrum sensing and sharing algorithms have great limitations to further optimize spectrum utilization when multiple IoT with different wireless technologies coexisting in the same environment. Therefore, exploring the fine‐grained spectrum sensing algorithm becomes an essential work to further improve the spectrum utilization efficiency, especially in the Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) band. This paper proposes Subcarrier-Sniffer, a novel subcarrier‐level spectrum sensing and sharing method, which utilizes channel state information (CSI) to sense the fine‐grained status of each subcarrier of the traditional channel. To evaluate the performance of Subcarrier-Sniffer, we implemented Subcarrier-Sniffer by USRP B200min, and the experimental results show that the accuracy of subcarrier‐level spectrum sensing could achieve 100% in our settings that the distance between Subcarrier-Sniffer and the monitor is not greater than 7 m. Subcarrier-Sniffer could be applied in WiFi and ZigBee, WiFi and BLE, and WiFi and LTE‐U coexisted environments for better spectrum utilization.

Highlights

  • Most of the wireless technologies today operate with the default bandwidth, for example, the default bandwidth of 802.11n is 20 MHz, while the default bandwidths of ZigBee and BLE are 3 MHz and 2 MHz, respectively

  • The spectrum sensing and sharing algorithms are widely used in a variety of wireless technologies, for example, DeepWiFi [2] for WiFi spectrum sensing, OutSense

  • Spectrum sensing and sharing methods are used in cross-technology coexisted environments, for example, literature [5,6,7,8,9,10,11] conducts the spectrum sensing and management between WiFi and LTE-U technologies, literature [12,13,14,15] introduces the spectrum sensing between ZigBee and WiFi technologies, [16,17,18,19,20,21], uses spectrum sensing method for OFDM-based heterogeneous wireless devices

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Summary

Introduction

Most of the wireless technologies today operate with the default bandwidth, for example, the default bandwidth of 802.11n is 20 MHz, while the default bandwidths of ZigBee and BLE are 3 MHz and 2 MHz, respectively. The traditional method uses fullspectrum scanning to sense the energy variation of each subcarrier, which affects normal communication and requires an expensive device with a relatively high sampling rate To solve this challenge, this paper proposes to use channel state information (CSI) to sense the subcarrier-level SNR sensing, (ii) how to remove the noise jitters of each subcarrier caused by the frequency selective characteristics of the signal; for the wideband end, how to obtain the pure SNR jitters caused by the narrowband signal interference is a significant challenge; to solve this problem, this paper collects the initial state of CSI first to fetch the environmental information without cross-technology interference, and (iii) how to determine which subcarriers do have serious interference according to the SNR jitters generated by the interference is another design challenge of subcarrier-level spectrum sensing algorithm.

Related Works
Design of Subcarrier-Sniffer
Implementation and Experimental Results
Conclusion
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