Abstract
Background: Hyperspectral technology has made it possible to perform completely non-invasive investigations on pigment analysis, in particular, on pigment identification. The most commonly used method of pigment identification is to compare the spectral similarity between ones of unknown target and ones in spectral library, which requires a comprehensive and complete spectral library and is based on overall shape of the spectrum. To a certain extent, it may ignore some of the key absorption characteristics of the spectrum. Methods: A novel spectral matching method was proposed based on the spectrum divided into subsections for identification according to the main ion absorption characteristics. Main works: (1) establishing a spectral library suitable for typical pigment identification of painting; (2) discussing the main components, as well as the absorption positions of the ions and functional groups contained in pigments frequently used by artists; (3) presenting a novel spectral matching algorithm carried on spectral subsections for pigment identification; (4) verifying the feasibility and applicability of proposed method by a Chinese painting and a fresco. Conclusions: The proposed method can correctly identify the main pigments or components contained in the mixed area, which is better than the traditional method and more convenient than the unmixing method, except for some limitations in detecting white and black pigments.
Highlights
As more attention is drawn on the conservation of cultural relics, the use of modern technology to preserve information on the surface of cultural relics to achieve the protection and inheritance of that has become an important development trend in this field
The accuracy of the Top 3 using the subse5cotifo2n5 identification (SSI) method was obtained by dividing the number of pigments that be correctly identified by the number of used at that region, while the Top 3 using the traditional method were calculated by dividing the number of correctly identified element types by the number of elements with above 10,000 kev energy detected by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in the same area
A spectral subsection identification of pigments considering ion absorption characteristics, which divides spectrum into several characteristic subsections based on the main ion absorption position of each pigment, is proposed for determining the pigment type
Summary
As more attention is drawn on the conservation of cultural relics, the use of modern technology to preserve information on the surface of cultural relics to achieve the protection and inheritance of that has become an important development trend in this field. Many modern techniques can provide essential information about materials used in painted artifacts, for example, their pigments composition [1,2]. In [6], a practical approach was developed to identify dyes in works of art from samples as small as 25 μm in diameter with the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Methods: A novel spectral matching method was proposed based on the spectrum divided into subsections for identification according to the main ion absorption characteristics. Main works: (1) establishing a spectral library suitable for typical pigment identification of painting; (2) discussing the main components, as well as the absorption positions of the ions and functional groups contained in pigments frequently used by artists; (3) presenting a novel spectral matching algorithm carried on spectral subsections for pigment identification; (4) verifying the feasibility and applicability of proposed method by a Chinese painting and a fresco. Conclusions: The proposed method can correctly identify the main pigments or components contained in the mixed area, which is better than the traditional method and more convenient than the unmixing method, except for some limitations in detecting white and black pigments
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