A Novel Spatiotemporal Saliency Method for Low-Altitude Slow Small Infrared Target Detection

Abstract

The effective monitoring of low-altitude slow small (LSS) targets represented by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a great challenge in the field of security in recent years. Most of the existing infrared (IR) small target algorithms focus on high-altitude target detection. However, the low-altitude background is complex and changeable, and high-intensity suspected targets exist widely. Existing methods usually cause high false alarm or failure detection for LSS targets. In this letter, we propose a novel spatiotemporal saliency method for LSS IR targets in image sequences. First, spatial variance saliency mapping and temporal gray saliency mapping are calculated in spatial domain and temporal domain, respectively. Then, the fusion saliency map is obtained by fusing the spatial saliency map and temporal saliency map. Finally, the target is extracted by a simple adaptive threshold segmentation. The proposed method is verified in five low-altitude IR image sequences. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better detection performance than the existing state-of-the-art methods for LSS targets.