A novel, SiPM-array-based, monolithic scintillator detector for PET

Abstract

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are of great interest to positron emission tomography (PET), as they enable new detector geometries, for e.g., depth-of-interaction (DOI) determination, are MR compatible, and offer faster response and higher gain than other solid-state photosensors such as avalanche photodiodes. Here we present a novel detector design with DOI correction, in which a position-sensitive SiPM array is used to read out a monolithic scintillator. Initial characterization of a prototype detector consisting of a 4 × 4 SiPM array coupled to either the front or back surface of a 13.2 mm × 13.2 mm × 10 mm LYSO:Ce3+ crystal shows that front-side readout results in significantly better performance than conventional back-side readout. Spatial resolutions <1.6 mm full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) were measured at the detector centre in response to an ∼0.54 mm FWHM diameter test beam. Hardly any resolution losses were observed at angles of incidence up to 45°, demonstrating excellent DOI correction. About 14% FWHM energy resolution was obtained. The timing resolution, measured in coincidence with a BaF2 detector, equals 960 ps FWHM.