Abstract
Rapid detection of tumor-associated DNA such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has important clinical value for the early screening of tumors. By attaching oligonucleotides or cDNA onto the chip surface, DNA chip technology provides a rapid method to analyze gene expression. However, challenges remain regarding increasing probe density and improving detection time. To address these challenges, we proposed a DNA chip that was self-assembled from single stranded DNA in combination with high probe density and a rapid detection method. Over 200 probes could be attached to the surface of this 100-nm diameter DNA chip. For detection, the chips were adsorbed onto a mica surface and then incubated for ten minutes with HPV-DNA; the results were directly observable using atomic force microscopy (AFM). This bottom-up fabricated DNA nano chip combined with high probe density and direct AFM detection at the single molecule level will likely have numerous potential clinical applications for gene screening and the early diagnosis of cancer.
Highlights
Assessing the presence and function of high-risk human DNA such as papillomavirus (HR-Human Papillomavirus (HPV)) DNA is important for effective cancer screening
We use the probes on our DNA chip to detect HPV DNA, which is positively associated with cervical cancer and is of relevance in gynecological clinical diagnosis
We developed a nanoscale DNA chip that was able to efficiently detect HPV DNA
Summary
Assessing the presence and function of high-risk human DNA such as papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA is important for effective cancer screening. The specific detection of HPV genotypes 6/11 and/or 16/18 in clinical samples is of crucial importance. The detection and typing of HPV-DNA in cell scrapings is a relatively fast and non-invasive procedure which complements cytology, colposcopy and histology and should be useful in further studies of the natural history of different HPV infections and their role in cervical cancer [1,2,3,4]. HPV DNA detection and genotyping is useful in the early diagnosis of cancers such as cervical, tonsillar, and head and neck cancers. For screening large numbers of samples, an improvement of detection efficiency is required.
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