A Novel Secure End-to-End IoT Communication Scheme Using Lightweight Cryptography Based on Block Cipher

Abstract

Personal data security is a cybersecurity trend that has captured the world’s attention. Governments, practitioners and academics are jointly building personal data security in various communication systems, including IoT. The protocol that is widely used in IoT implementation is MQTT. By default, MQTT does not provide data security features in the form of data encryption. Therefore, this research was carried out on the design of Secure End-to-End Encryption MQTT with Block Cipher-Based Lightweight Cryptography. The protocol is designed by utilizing the Galantucci secret sharing scheme and a lightweight cryptographic algorithm based on a block cipher. The algorithms used include AES-128 GCM mode, GIFT-COFB, Romulus N1, and Tiny JAMBU. We tested the Secure End-to-End for MQTT protocol on the ARM M4 and ESP8266 processors. Our testing results on NodeMCU board, Tiny JAMBU have an average encryption time of 313 μs and an average decryption time of 327 μs. AES-128 GCM mode has an average encryption time of 572 μs and an average decryption time of 584 μs. GIFT-COFB has an average encryption time of 1094 μs and an average decryption time of 1110 μs. Meanwhile, Romulus N1 has an average encryption time of 2157 μs and an average decryption time of 2180 μs. On STM32L4 discovery, Tiny JAMBU had average encryption of 82 μs and an average decryption time of 85 μs. AES-128 GCM mode has an average encryption time of 163 μs and an average decryption time of 164 μs. GIFT-COFB has an average encryption time of 164 μs and an average decryption time of 165 μs. Meanwhile, Romulus N1 has an average encryption time of 605 μs and an average decryption time of 607 μs. Our experiment shows that the fastest performance is produced by Tiny JAMBU, followed by AES-128 Mode GCM, GIFT-COFB and Romulus N1.