A Novel Scoring System for the Difficulty Level in the Lysis of Adhesions Around the Liver for Safe Repeat Hepatectomy in Patients with Hepatic Malignancies

Abstract

Introduction: Repeat hepatectomy (ReHx) for recurrent hepatic malignancies reportedly provides oncological benefit for patients. However, severe adhesions at ReHx may preclude safe and curative resection and there has been no reliable measure to estimate the surgical risk at ReHx. This study sought to create a new scoring system for evaluating the severity of adhesion after hepatectomy and tested its performance looking at the correlation with morbidity rate. Methods: 66 operative videos of second hepatectomy were reviewed and the difficulty levels in lysis of adhesion around the hepatic hilum (A score) and surrounding the liver (B score) were scored by two examiners and validated by additional two reviewers. Results: Very high interobserver agreement was confirmed between the two examiners (k value, 0.960-0.963) and reproducibility of results were validated with weighted kappa values of >0.8 in both surgical resident and hepatobiliary surgery. Linear correlation was confirmed between the difficulty score and postoperative morbidity rate. Multivariate analyses confirmed that previous cholecystectomy or transection of visceral surface of segment 4 or 5 was independent factor predicting hard to extreme adhesions at the hepatic hilum regardless of the use of anti-adhesion materials. Conclusions: The new difficulty scoring system for the lysis of adhesion at ReHx showed good interobserver agreement and reproducibility of the results. Given the strong correlation with postoperative morbidity rate, the present score could be used for evaluating the technical difficulties in ReHx and may offer a reliable measure for estimating the efficacy of anti-adhesion materials in future analysis.